← Francis Andrews is appointed first professor of history at the University of Dublin
Cardinal Michael Logue, Primate of All Ireland, died in Armagh, Ireland →- January 1, 1
National Service in the United Kingdom, which required young men to undergo compulsory military training for a certain period, was brought to an end in 1960. The system of National Service had been in place since the outbreak of World War II in 1939 and was initially introduced as an emergency measure during the war.
In the United Kingdom, military conscription has existed for two periods in modern times. The first was from 1916 to 1920, and the second from 1939 to 1960. The last conscripted soldiers left the service in 1963.
It was legally designated as “Military Service” from 1916 to 1920, and as “National Service” from 1939 to 1960. However, between 1939 and 1948, it was often referred to as “War Service” in documents relating to National Insurance and pension provision.
World War II
National Service was introduced during World War II to address the need for additional manpower for the armed forces. It applied to men between the ages of 18 and 41.
Post-War Period
After the war, National Service continued as the geopolitical situation remained uncertain, and there was a perceived need for a strong military presence.
Korean War
National Service was extended during the Korean War (1950–1953) as part of the United Kingdom’s contributions to international military efforts.
End of National Service
The decision to end National Service was announced by the British government, and the last conscripts were called up in 1960. The move was influenced by several factors, including changes in military strategy, technological advancements, and shifts in the geopolitical landscape.
Professionalization of the Armed Forces
The end of National Service marked a shift toward a more professional and volunteer-based armed forces. The British military moved away from relying on conscripts and focused on building a career-based, trained, and professional force.
Legacy
The end of National Service represented a significant change in the structure of the British military and had implications for the lives of many young men who were no longer required to serve compulsory periods in the armed forces.
National Service remains a notable historical aspect of the mid-20th century in the United Kingdom, and its termination in 1960 reflects broader changes in military policy and international relations during that period.